Clinicopathological characterization and microbiological findings of febrile neutropenia in oncohematological patients Caracterización clínico patológica y hallazgos microbiológicos de la neutropenia febril en pacientes oncohematológicos en una clínica privada en la ciudad de Montería-Colombia.

Abstract

Background. Febrile neutropenia is a frequent complication in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. It is estimated that 50% of patients with solid malignancies and more than 80% with hematologic malignancies develop neutropenia and fever at some point in their evolution. Objective: To identify the clinical-pathological characteristics, establish the infectious foci, determine the microbiological profile in oncological patients who present with febrile neutropenia as a post-chemotherapy complication and / or target therapies at the Instituto Medico de Alta Tecnología (IMAT) in the city of Montería - Colombia between June 2014 to June 2016. Material and methods: This is a descriptive study; The study population corresponds to patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of hematological malignancy or solid malignant tumor presenting with febrile neutropenia between June 2014 and June 2016, who meet the inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis: the analysis of the information was carried out in software R version 3.5.1). Results: 76 cases of febrile neutropenia were documented. The average age was 43 years and 55% of the patients were male. 84.2% of cases occurred in patients with hematologic malignancies, acute leukemias being the most prevalent. Infectious focus was determined in 68%, respiratory tract infections was the predominant clinical infectious focus (21%). Gram negative bacilli were the most frequently isolated germs. Conclusion: In this series, respiratory tract infections were the predominant infectious focus in patients with febrile neutropenia. Gram negative bacilli, the main responsible microorganisms. The mortality rate related to febrile neutropenia was 14%, results similar to those described in the Colombian population and worldwide.