Microbiological profile in patients with multiple myeloma who developed febrile neutropenia during autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Perfil microbiológico en pacientes con mieloma múltiple que presentaron neutropenia febril durante trasplante autólogo de precursores hematopoyéticos: descripción de una serie de casos
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Transplant units must understand their epidemiological profile to adjust the antibiotic protocol in febrile neutropenic. Objective: Describe microbiological outcomes related to the febrile neutropenia events of a multiple myeloma patients cohort during the hospitalization for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: A descriptive analysis was made from retrospective data of 62 patients with multiple myeloma who presented febrile neutropenia when hospitalized for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between 01 January 2020 and June 2021. A description of the source of infection and the isolated microorganism was presented. Results: 50% of the patients had a documented or defined source of infection, of which 70.9% were made from positive microbiologic tests and the rest from clinical criteria. Of those identified from the laboratory, bacteremia was the principal documented source (19/62), followed by gastroenterocolitis (9/31). From the isolated agents in blood cultures, the most frequent was S. epidermidis (14/19). Conclusions: Half of the patients with febrile neutropenia had a documented infection, most of them bacteremia due to coagulase-negative Gram-positive cocci, with a low prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria and fungus, independently of the subtype of isolation, there was a low prevalence of adverse outcomes in the cohort.
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