Factor V Leiden and other thrombophilias, frequency in a center of Cali (Colombia) high complexity. Factor V Leiden y otras trombofilias, frecuencia en un centro de alta complejidad de Cali (Colombia).

Abstract

Objective: To describe the frequency, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adult patients with suspected thrombophilia with the following diagnostics: V Leiden mutation factor and the prothrombin 20210GA, and deficit of: protein C, S and antithrombin III, and hyperhomocysteinemia in a high complexity hospital in Cali, Colombia, between 2011 and 2014. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out analyzing the records of patients who were assessed for the V Leiden mutation factor, via rPCR. The distribution of the numerical variables was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test and these were presented with measures of central tendency and dispersion, as appropriate. The groups were compared using the Chi-squared test and the Fisher exact test. Results: The V Leiden factor was present in 8.4% of patients with thrombosis, all heterozygous. Lower limb, retina and cerebrovascular events accounted for more than 80 per cent of the thrombosis cases. The most frequent alteration in individuals with thrombosis was hyperhomocysteinemia (34.4%), followed by a deficit of protein S (19.8%), antithrombin III (11.3%), G20210A prothrombin mutation (4.3%) and deficit of protein C (2.7%). Conclusion: In this study, the frequency of the V Leiden factor and the G20210A mutation were lower than those reported in the literature. These thrombophilias do not explain most of the cases of idiopathic thrombosis that are evaluated in our environment. It is necessary to perform an adequate differential diagnosis and study the presence of thrombophilias are studied in at-risk groups in order to reduce complications.