Tumor lysis syndrome in adults : literature review.
Síndrome de lisis tumoral en adultos : revisión de la literatura.
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Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency that is caused by massive tumor cell lysis with the release into the systemic circulation of large amounts of intracellular elements like potassium, phosphate and nucleic acids, causing renal failure, arrhythmias, seizures and death. TLS is more frequent in haematologic neoplasias or with high proliferative rate or highly chemo-sensitive, and usually occurs after 48 hours of the initiation of cytotoxic therapy, rarely spontaneously. The objective of management is prevention, which consists of aggressive hydration and the administration of hypouricemic agents, and the diagnosis should be oriented according to the risk factors associated with the neoplasia and to the patient.
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