Características patológicas y moleculares del pseudomixoma peritoneal (ONCOLGroup).
Pathologic and molecular characteristics of pseudomyxoma peritonei (ONCOLGroup).
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El pseudomixoma peritoneal (PMP) es una condición patológica pobremente entendida, caracterizada por la presencia de ascitis mucinosa relacionada a siembras peritoneales multifocales. Múltiples estudios histopatológicos que incluyeron inmunohistoquímica han sugerido que la mayoría de los PMP, si no todos los casos, derivan de adenomas mucinosos del apéndice más que de lesiones primarias del ovario. Pocos estudios que han evaluado la biología molecular y la genética del PMP se han reportado recientemente; sin embargo, estos trabajos solo han analizado un pequeño número de casos, incluyendo muestras heterogéneas de tumores mucinosos de comportamiento benigno y maligno, originados del apéndice y de los ovarios. Reportes previos han demostrado mutaciones en el KRAS y pérdidas alélicas en los cromosomas 18q, 17p, 5q y 6q, en una cantidad de casos de PMP morfológicamente uniformes que presentan afectación sincrónica del ovario y del apéndice, así como en adenomas mucinosos apendiculares y en tumores ováricos productores de moco que tienen un bajo potencial de malignidad y que no están asociados al PMP. Nuestra revisión soporta ampliamente la conclusión de que los tumores mucinosos que involucran el apéndice y los ovarios en el PMP tienen como origen clonal un solo sitio, siendo el más probable el apéndice cecal.
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