Relación neutrófilos-linfocitos en tumores sólidos.
Relation neutrophils-lymphocytes in solid tumors.
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Introducción: la asociación entre el cáncer y la inflamación ha despertado gran interés en los últimos años. La relación neutrófilos/linfocitos (NLR) se ha utilizado como valor pronóstico y de desenlace clínico en cáncer. Objetivo: determinar la NLR elevada (>2,5) con el estadio clínico, metástasis y demás marcadores de severidad en pacientes con tumores sólidos. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal analítico, incluyendo 170 historias clínicas de pacientes con tumores sólidos, no expuestos a quimioterapia, que describen las características clínicas y la asociación de la NLR con el estadio clínico, tipo histológico, grado de diferenciación, perfil molecular y metástasis. Los análisis se realizaron con regresión logística, Stata versión 12.0. Resultados: 76% mujeres, mediana de 63 años, cáncer de mama 61,1%, próstata 12,3%, colon 15,8%, pulmón 5,8% y ovario 4,7%. La NLR >2,5 se asoció con estadio avanzado de enfermedad (III y IV) OR: 6,38 (IC95% 1,67-24,4) p=0,007 y OR 4,6 (IC95% 1,13-19) p=0,033, respectivamente, tumores mal diferenciados OR 2,91 (IC IC95% 1,01-4,5) p= 0,046 y metástasis visceral OR= 4,7 (IC95% 2,2-9,9) p=0,000. No se encontró asociación entre el NLR y el tipo histológico, perfil molecular en cáncer de mama, escala de Gleason en cáncer de próstata, ni metástasis óseas. Conclusiones: el radio neutrófilos/linfocitos elevado se asoció en este estudio con estadio avanzado de enfermedad, tumores mal diferenciados y metástasis visceral. Se requiere ampliar la muestra con el fin de confirmar estos resultados, y en el futuro, realizar estudios que se relacionen con eficacia terapéutica.
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