Tumor genomics: historical development and perspectives for the future

Genómica tumoral: construcción histórica y perspectivas para el futuro

Published 2026-02-17

Resumen gráfico Genómica tumoral: construcción histórica y perspectivas para el futuro
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Castillo-Venegas L, Cardona AF. Tumor genomics: historical development and perspectives for the future. Rev. colomb. hematol. oncol. [Internet]. 2026 Feb. 17 [cited 2026 Feb. 18];13(1-Supl):450-73. https://doi.org/10.51643/22562915.837

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Vol. 13 No. 1-Supl (2026): Biología molecular tumoral: de la básica a la clínica
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Castillo-Venegas L, Cardona AF. Tumor genomics: historical development and perspectives for the future. Rev. colomb. hematol. oncol. [Internet]. 2026 Feb. 17 [cited 2026 Feb. 18];13(1-Supl):450-73. https://doi.org/10.51643/22562915.837
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Lorenzo Castillo-Venegas
Centro de Tratamiento e Investigación sobre Cáncer Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo (CTIC), Bogotá, Colombia
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Perfil Google Scholar
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1695-2182
Andrés Felipe Cardona
Centro de Tratamiento e Investigación sobre Cáncer Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo (CTIC), Bogotá, Colombia
Roles:  
Perfil Google Scholar
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3525-4126
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Lorenzo Castillo-Venegas,

MD, MSc.

Andrés Felipe Cardona,

Jefe de investigación, ciencia y educación del Centro de Investigación y Tratamiento del Cáncer Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo. Médico y Especialista en Epidemiología de la Universidad del Rosario (Bogotá, Colombia). Estudios de posgrado en Medicina Interna (Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia), Oncología Clínica (Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia), epidemiología relacionada con el cáncer orientada al desarrollo de ensayos clínicos (Universidades de Barcelona a Sevilla, España) y epidemiología clínica (Universidad de Sevilla, España). Doctorado en Genómica Tumoral con énfasis en investigación traslacional (Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, España).

Introduction: from the discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome to the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS), cancer genomics has transformed the molecular understanding of cancer. This article presents a narrative review with historical reconstruction, key milestones, major barriers, and future perspectives in tumor genomics.

Methods: a systematic search was conducted in three international databases; out of 137 records, 29 articles were selected for full review, along with various primary historical sources.

Results: this work examines technological evolution, clinical milestones, and the impact of genomics on oncology practice. In addition, some current challenges and future perspectives for its implementation were discussed.

Discussion: despite reviewing a time span of just over half a century, the research team acknowledges that these concepts are still constantly evolving and that overcoming current genomic barriers will likely be the next major milestone. Oncogenomics may be entering a golden era; its clinical implementation is increasingly becoming a reality and a standard.

Conclusion: in the era of massive data analysis, artificial intelligence, and robust global collaboration consortia, critically looking back at the past can also strengthen future steps. Cancer is now understood as a disease of the genome; however, it remains necessary to continue overcoming theoretical, scientific, implementation, accessibility, and cross-disciplinary obstacles.

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